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elude (vt) 逃跑 = escape (通常指實體人的逃跑)
evade (vt) 逃避 = avoid (逃稅,拒絕回答問題)
elusive (a.) 逃跑的 (a.) 難以了解的(difficult to understand)
evasive (a.) 逃避的 (a.)模糊其詞的(deliberately made obscure )
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elegy (n.)輓歌 = lamenting poem (哀悼詩，音樂形式，音調哀傷，表達難過 )
eulogy (n.) 頌詞 = praising prose/essay (表揚文，朗誦形式，語調光明，讚美往生者)
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emend (vt.) 校稿(改錯字)
amend (vt.) 修正(修改內容，增加內容)
amendment
emendation
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egalitarian (a.) = equal 平等的
egalitarianism (n.) 平等論
equilibrated (a.) = balanced 平衡的
equilibrium (n.) 平衡
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extenuating (vt.) 使..變瘦 ->通常只用在 情有可原
attenuate (vt.) 使..降低強度
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deliberate (a.) 故意的 = intentional (a.) 沉著的 = slow and careful <with deliberate steps> (V.) 思考
deliberateness (n.) 沉著
deliberation (n.) 仔細考慮 = consideration
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deception
deceit
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delude (vt.) 使⋯幻想，欺騙
delusion(n.) 幻想
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connote
denote
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depict
narrate
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hatch
incubate
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gorge
canyon
gulch
valley
ravine
gully
A gulch is a deep V-shaped valley formed by erosion. It may contain a small stream or dry creek bed and is usually larger in size than a gully. Occasionally, sudden intense rainfall may produce flash floods in the area of the gulch.
In geology, a valley (also called a vale or dale) is a depression with predominant extent in one direction. A very deep river valley may be called a canyon or gorge.
The terms U-shaped and V-shaped are descriptive terms of geography to characterize the form of valleys. Most valleys belong to one of these two main types or a mixture of them, at least with respect of the cross section of the slopes or hillsides.
A canyon (rarely cañon) or gorge is a deep valley between cliffs often carved from the landscape by a river. Most canyons were formed by a process of long-time erosion from a plateau level. The cliffs form because harder rock strata that are resistant to erosion and weathering remain exposed on the valley walls. Canyons are much more common in arid areas than in wetter areas because weathering has a greater effect in arid zones. Canyon walls are often formed of resistant sandstones or granite. Submarine canyons are those which form underwater, generally at the mouths of rivers. The word canyon is Spanish in origin (cañón). The word canyon is generally used in the United States, while the word gorge is more common in Europe and Oceania, though it is also used in some parts of the United States and Canada.
A ravine is a very small valley, which is often the product of streamcutting erosion. Often found in urban areas, ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. A ravine is generally a slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterised by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial watercourse.
- J.L.
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referee n.裁判(足球)
umpire n.裁判(棒球)
lineman n. 線審
一般性的說法 official, judge, arbitrator
許多運動有各種裁判,如American Football就有 referee, head linesman, line judge, umpire, back judge, side judge, and field judge.
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regurgitate vt (鳥類)吐哺
ruminant n. 反芻動物 a. (1)反芻的 (2)會反思的(人) = contemplative